production equipment.
most colour cameras came in the 50s and 60s
over time cameras became smaller and more compact the development of storing information changed drastically over time
in the 20th century we relied on videotape based analogue formats such as vhs and betamax
early 2000's minidv was a digital tape based format but was soon followed by dvd hard disk drive and finally sd card/compact /solid state flash based recording
Minidv allowed for 720x576 recording in pal
current consumer cameras allow for full high definition which is 1920x1080 2 mega pixels
production equipment
the current industry film standard is 35mm which is dependant on quality can range between 10-24 megapixels or even higher
the current industry digital standard is 4k which is 12 megapixels
however some films are currently being shot at 6k (19 megapixels )
production equipment
film is inside of the camera completely dark at this point
Shutter Speed
the shutter opens and light travels through the lens exposing the film and sensor
the shutter closes and the next piece of unexposed film moves into place.
Multiple combinations of shutter speed and f-number can give the same exposure value
Doubling the exposure time doubles the amount of light
In early days of photography, available shutter speeds were not standardised
slow shutter speed can be used to blur a image for artist effect
the general rule of sensors are
if its small it will have a higher frame rate.
but produce more grain in darker situations
if its larger it will produce better quality images and handle dark situations much better
production equipment
there are three main functions of controlling the way an image is exposed correctly
shutter speed
aperture (controls dof)
iso (sensitivity)
lighting setups
Video cameras need a lot of light to make good pictures,
Bringing in and using additional lights makes a big difference in the look of an interview.
it creates depth creating the illusion of a three dimensional image subject inside the frame (two dimensional )
the key light is typically placed 45 degrees to either side of the camera
the purpose of the fill light is to fill in the shadows created by the key light but not to overpower t
finally the back light which adds dimension although be careful not to over do this as it can look artificial
if shooting outside use reflector.
sound setup
the key for good sound is ensure the microphone is facing your actor and that your sound level on the recording device are peaking but not hitting maximum otherwise the sound will be distort
they are different types of microphones,such as
condenser microphones.
dynamic microphones
shotgun microphones
